@article{ author = {Ghergherehchi, Robabeh and Tabrizi, Ali}, title = {Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in pediatrics obesity}, abstract ={Obesity is one of the health problems in the developing and developed countries. Obesity subjects the individuals with metabolic and endocrine disorders. It is obvious that vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency may lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism. Thus, obesity increases the risk of vitamin D deficiency. Considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity, it seems logical to have treatment and prevention from vitamin D deficiency. This is similar to a study in adult vitamin D deficiency related with adiposity which also demonstrates the importance of vitamin D deficiency screening in children and adolescent obesity. Vitamin D replacement can reduce many complications in childhood (skeletal disorder, secondary hyperparathyroidism) and decreases metabolic disorder and cardiovascular disease incidence in later childhood. On the other hand, calcium has a key role in weight regulation, useful in replacement therapy, but there is a need for a further study to reveal exactly the effects in children obesity or overweight.}, Keywords = {Vitamin D Deficiency, Pediatric Obesity, Secondary hyperparathyroidism}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {119-127}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-94-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-94-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Mahjoub, Soleiman and HajiAhmadi, Mahmoud and Faramarzi, Mahbobeh and Jalali, Farzad and Moazzezi, Zoleykha and Sajjadi, Parvi}, title = {How is lipid profile and morbidity risk in smokers and nonsmokers?}, abstract ={Background: Lipid profile changes are a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease with increasing prevalence in our society due to poor nutritional habits, sedentary, and smoking. Owing to lack of epidemiological data in this area, this study was designed to investigate lipid profile and morbidity risk in smokers and non- smokers in Babol, North of Iran. Methods: In this study, 204 young men over 20 years old, were selected from the City Health Centers in five areas (North, South, East, West and Central) by cluster-sampling method and were referred to Musa- AL -Reza Clinic. After filling the registration form and a questionnaire about their medical history, blood samples were taken in fasting condition. After serum preparation, lipid profile tests were performed using standard spectrophotometric methods in the laboratory of biochemistry. Statistical analysis was done using t-test.Results: Forty three patients (21.1%) were smokers and 161 (78.9%) were nonsmokers. The frequencies of male smokers with total cholesterol index in morbidity range were significantly higher than nonsmokers (39.5% VS. 25.4%, p<0.05). Such circumstances were particularly more pronounced in LDL-C index and the number of male smokers was more both in moderate and high morbidity levels of LDL-C (14% VS. 10.5% and 23.2% VS. 16.8% respectively, p<0.05).Conclusion: Smokers had impaired lipid profiles and are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Designing and implementing health programs seem to be necessary for changing adverse eating habits and reducing population smoking behavior.}, Keywords = {Lipid profile, Smoking, Risk factor, Cardiovascular diseases, Babol}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {128-133}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-88-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-88-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Tarzmani, Mohammad Kazem and Eshraghi, Nazanin and PourAsghari, Behrooz and Estakhri, Rasoul and Eshraghi, Azadeh}, title = {Role of ultrasound probes in transmission of hospital infections}, abstract ={Background: The ultrasonography probes are cleaned by absorbent soft, dry cloth. This question arose whether linear and convex ultrasound probes coupling with gel could perform as a means for nosocomial infections transmission, and which method is economical and more efficient for cleaning the probes. This study was conducted to answer these questions. Methods: One hundred – ninety two patients who referred at sonography department were evaluated. Half of the probes were cleaned with routine course while the others with cloth containing alcohol. Then, determination of microbial identity was done.Results: The probes that were cleaned by cloth soaked in alcohol, showed the growth of bacterial colony to be zero. The probes that were cleaned by non-sterile cloth, the bacterial count was 48.38%, 22.6%, 9.7% for the staphylococcus epidermis, ureus was less and pseudomas aerogenosa, respectively the other organisms are enterobacter, E. Coli, cytrobacter and yeast. There was no difference in the infected percentage between the linear and convex probes.Conclusion: Cleaning the probe and ultrasound gel as a device of bacterial growth is time saving and cost effective. We recommend disinfection of probes using alcohol in patients prone to infection.}, Keywords = {Cross infection, Ultrasonography, Probe}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {134-136}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-91-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-91-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Kiakujori, Kayvan and Esmaieli, Mansour and ShabaniFaramarzi, Asieh}, title = {The result of hearing in patients treated by surgery due to chronic otitis media}, abstract ={Background: Hearing loss due to chronic otitis media is common. The purpose of this study was to evaluate hearing before and after canal wall up, canal wall down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty. Methods: From 2004 to 2007, all patients with chronic otitis media who were admitted at the Department of Otolaryngology, Babol Medical University were studied. For 126 patients' canal wall up, canal wall down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were done. Hearing before and after procedures were compared.Results: The mean age of the patients was 26.02 years (38.6% males and 61.4% females). One hundred-three patients suffered from conductive hearing loss, 8 from sensorineural hearing loss and 12 from mixed conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Those who operated by tympanoplasty were age > 40 years (65%). Ninety- five percent of the patients who had conductive hearing loss cured (95%). There was no statistical significant differences between types of operation and improvement of hearing (p=0.009).Conclusion: The results show that improvement of hearing loss was seen in tympanoplasty, canal wall up and canal wall down in patients with chronic otitis media.}, Keywords = {Hearing loss, Chronic otitis media, Surgery}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {138-140}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-95-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-95-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Alijanpour, Ebrahim and Nikbakhsh, Novin and Bijani, Ali and Baleghi, Mehrangiz}, title = {Evaluation of oxygen requirement in patients during fiberoptic bronchoscopy}, abstract ={Background: Sometimes oxygen is given to patients during fiberoptic bronchoscopy to prevent arterial hypoxemia, but oxygen usually is given to patients with SPO2 less than 90%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patient's oxygen requirement according to SPO2 and its relationship with Pulmonary Function Test (PFT). Methods: From January 2006 to April 2007, 146 patients who needed fiberoptic bronchoscopy were evaluated at Beheshti Hospital in Babol, Iran. Spirometery was performed before bronchoscopy and the patients were divided into three groups: FEV1> 2, between 1-2 and FEV1<1liter, respectively. Oxygen was given to every patient with SPO2 less than 90% which lasted more than 20 seconds during bronchoscopy.Results: Eight (5.5%) out of 146patients needed oxygen, 33.3% had FEV1<1lit (p<0.06) and 26.7% had obstructive PFT pattern (p<0.004). The mean age of patients who needed oxygen was 66.7±12.5 years old and those without O2 requirement was 51.9±17.7 years old.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is recommended to give oxygen during fiberoptic bronchoscopy for the old patients and patients with FEV1<1lit and obstructive PFT.}, Keywords = {Fiberoptic bronchoscopy, Oxygen, Hypoxemi}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {141-144}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-89-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-89-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {JavanAmoli, Mitra and EbrahimiTakamjani, Ismail and Maroufi, Nader and JavanAmoli, Majid and SharifNia, Seyyed Hami}, title = {The effect of low power LASER acupuncture on experimental pain threshold in normal subjects}, abstract ={Background: Acupuncture is an indispensable part of traditional Chinese medicine for relief of pain. The purpose of this study was the immediate & latent of low power LASER Ga-Al-As irradiation applied to acupuncture points on experimental pain threshold. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on seventy adult women ranging from 20 to 40 years old assigned randomly into two groups. LASER group (n=33) received low power Laser (LPL) Ga-Al-As to appropriate acupuncture points for wrist pain, control group (n=37) did not receive laser. This was a single blind research. We measured experimentally the induced pain threshold at ipsilateral nondominant wrist following electrical stimulus, once before treatment and three times after treatment with short intervals.Results: The LASER group demonstrated a statistically significant (p=0.001) increase in mean value for pain threshold in 10 minutes after treatment, but not the control group. Also, changes of pain threshold in LASER group were greater than the control. This increase remained significant only for 10 minutes after treatment measurements (p=0.001).Conclusion: Low power LASER Ga-Al-As radiation to acupuncture points can increase experimentally induced pain threshold.}, Keywords = {Pain threshold, LASER, Experimental pain, Acupuncture}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {145-148}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-92-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-92-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Shamsaei, Nabi and Almasi, Issac}, title = {Comparison of the extent of exercise effects on bone mineral density of boys of Ilam city}, abstract ={Background: The extent of Bone Minerals Density (BMD) gained during childhood is good index for BMD in adulthood. Recent studies imply that exercise increases BMD however, there are rare studies about the best ages in which exercise gives the highest effect on children’s BMD. This study was carried out with the aim of comparing the extent of exercise effect on various ages on BMD of boys of Ilam City. Methods: A total of 60 boys of Ilam City was selected randomly and were divided in two groups (the experimental and the control). Next, each group was subdivided into three age groups 6-8 yrs, 8-10 yrs and 10-12 yrs. Then their height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and BMD in femur neck and lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4)) were measured using Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry machine (DXA machine). Subsequently, the experimental group performed special exercises for 12 weeks, three sessions per week and 60 minutes per session. After three months, the BMD of both groups was remeasured. Results: Our findings indicated that exercise increases the BMD of children (in femur neck and lumbar spine area) in any age and such increase is more obvious in 8-10 years old boys than the other groups. The difference in BMD of lumbar spine before and after exercise in children 8-10 years is significant (BMD of before exercise = 601 mg/cm2, BMD of after exercise = 613 mg/cm2), (t= - 3.502, p= 0.007).Conclusion: Exercise and physical activity during childhood, particularly in 8-10 years old kids result in BMD increase. Therefore, it is proposed that exercise and physical activity in children (particularly in 8-10 years old) is very effective to decrease osteoporosis outbreak during adulthood.}, Keywords = {Bone Mineral Density, Exercise, Osteoporosis, Childhood}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {149-154}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-90-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-90-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Rahbar, Mahtab and Mardanpour, KayKhosro}, title = {Giant cell tumor of the sphenoid bone}, abstract ={Background: Giant cell tumor is a benign but locally aggressive bone neoplasm which uncommonly involves the skull. Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the sphenoid bone is relatively rare. In this report, we describe a tumor of the greater wing of left sphenoid bone. Case presentation: A 31-year-old female was presented with headache, proptosis and diplopia of her left eye. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and CT scan showed an enhancing tumor at the junction of the orbital apex, ethmoidal and sphenoid sinuses. The tumor was removed and pathological examination confirmed a giant cell tumor.Conclusion: This is the second report to describe the appearance of a GCT of the part of sphenoid bone which caused proptosis of the unilateral orbit. Radical excision of tumor was achieved which may be curative.}, Keywords = {Giant cell tumor, Bone, Sphenoid}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {155-158}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-87-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-87-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Hashemi, Seyyed Reza and Ghaemian, Nasser and AbbaszadehMarzbali, Narges and Mohammadhasani, Amir Rez}, title = {Biloma due to blunt liver trauma}, abstract ={Background: Biloma is a rare abnormal localized accumulation of bile out of biliary tree due to an injury. It has different non-specific clinical features and its diagnosis is based on clinical signs, radiologic findings and chemical analysis of aspirated liquid. Considering the non-specific clinical features, early diagnosis and treatment can have an effective role in the decrease of complications or even mortality and morbidity. Case presentation: A 31 year-old man with dyspnea which had decreased pulmonary sound in the right lung base referred to our center. Two months ago, he had a history of laparotomy and a repaired liver rupture due to the blunt hepatic injury in an accident. His chest xray and abdominal ultrasonography showed a mass in his right liver lobe. The patient underwent the FNA with ultrasonography guide. Chemical analysis of aspirated liquid proved that the liquid was bile. The next follow up, the mass disappeared and no recurrence was detected.Conclusion: Diagnosis of biloma in a patient with the history of blunt liver trauma should be considered for proper interventional treatment in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.}, Keywords = {Biloma, Fine Needle Aspiration,Trauma}, volume = {1}, Number = {4}, pages = {159-161}, publisher = {Babol University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-93-en.html}, eprint = {http://caspjim.com/article-1-93-en.pdf}, journal = {Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {2008-6164}, eissn = {2008-6172}, year = {2010} }