<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine</title>
<title_fa></title_fa>
<short_title>Caspian J Intern Med</short_title>
<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://caspjim.com</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>2008-6164</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2008-6172</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii>8</journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.22088/cjim</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid>14</journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai>8888</journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science>13</journal_id_science>
<language>en</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1397</year>
	<month>6</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2018</year>
	<month>9</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>9</volume>
<number>4</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>en</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa></title_fa>
	<title>Lower lobe pneumonia presenting as singultus (hiccups)</title>
	<subject_fa>Internal</subject_fa>
	<subject>Internal</subject>
	<content_type_fa>case report</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>case report</content_type>
	<abstract_fa></abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:times new roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Persistent hiccups can be a debilitating symptom and many such patients present to the emergency department seeking relief. A variety of serious conditions have been associated with persistent hiccups. Cases of pneumonia as a cause of hiccups have been rarely described.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Case presentation:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;A 79-year-old male patient presented to the hospital due to persistent hiccups for 4 days. Despite lack of new respiratory symptoms or fever, a chest x-ray demonstrated a left lower lobe consolidation, which was also confirmed with a chest CT. The patient was treated with levofloxacin and at 1-month follow-up hiccups had completely resolved, while a repeat chest CT demonstrated resolution of the consolidation.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The presentation of pneumonia in elderly patients may be atypical and may lack the symptoms and signs observed in younger patients. Hiccups may be the main presenting symptom of pneumonia.&lt;/span&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword>hiccups, singultus, pneumonia, chlorpromazine, hypotension</keyword>
	<start_page>403</start_page>
	<end_page>405</end_page>
	<web_url>http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-833-1&amp;slc_lang=en&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Stamatis</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Karakonstantis</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>stamkar2003@gmail.com</email>
	<code>100319475328460014078</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460014078</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>2nd Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Heraklion “Venizeleio-Pananeio”, Leoforos Knossou, Heraklion, Greece </affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Sofia</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Pitsigavdaki</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>sofiamed@windowslive.com</email>
	<code>100319475328460014079</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460014079</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>2nd Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Heraklion “Venizeleio-Pananeio”, Leoforos Knossou, Heraklion, Greece </affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Dafni</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Korela</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>koreladafni@hotmail.com</email>
	<code>100319475328460014080</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460014080</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>2nd Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Heraklion “Venizeleio-Pananeio”, Leoforos Knossou, Heraklion, Greece </affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Despoina</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Galani</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>desgal@windowslive.com</email>
	<code>100319475328460014081</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460014081</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>2nd Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Heraklion “Venizeleio-Pananeio”, Leoforos Knossou, Heraklion, Greece </affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
