en Traditional Medicine Original Article Original Article <div> <div> <div class="msocomtxt" id="_com_1" language="JavaScript" on<illegal tag>mouseout="msoCommentHide('_com_1')" on<illegal tag>mouseover="msoCommentShow('_anchor_1','_com_1')"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Gastric disorders are one of the most common human ailments, which impose a huge economic burden on countries. In Persian Medicine (PM), it is possible to predict the susceptibility to gastric diseases with diagnosis of gastric Mizajes (temperaments) and dystemperaments. The semiology of gastric dystemperaments has been investigated in PM textbooks, although the value of each sign and symptom is not mentioned. Consequently, this research is designed to determine the major and minor criteria for classifying gastric dystemperaments on the basis of valid manuscripts and with the help of PM specialists in the present era.<span style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> This was a consensus-based study consisting of four phases. In the first phase, reference PM textbooks were studied. Symptoms and signs of gastric dystemperaments were collected and listed in four groups. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews with a sample of PM experts were carried out. Phase three included a focused group discussion with experts. Eventually, findings were integrated from the three study phases in a two-day meeting in Sari City.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> Selected criteria included eight major and eight minor criteria for hot-cold dystemperament, as well as six major and eight minor criteria for wet-dry gastric dystemperament.<b><i><span style="color:blue"></span></i></b></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Modern lifestyles and the interfering factors are responsible for some changes in diagnostic signs and symptoms according to PM. This was the first step to coordinate PM diagnostic criteria for gastric dystemperaments. Further studies are recommended to reach a unique protocol in the field of PM diagnostics. The next step includes design and validation of national diagnostic tools.<b><i><span style="color:#0033cc"></span></i></b></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> </div> </div> Iranian Traditional Medicine, Persian Medicine, temperament, Mizaj, stomach, Su-e-Mizaj 681 688 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1220-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahshid Chaichi-Raghimi chaichi.m@gmail.com 100319475328460039790 100319475328460039790 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Ilkhani ilkhanir@sbmu.ac.ir 100319475328460039791 100319475328460039791 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Elham Parsa elham_parsa1360@yahoo.com 100319475328460039792 100319475328460039792 No Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine (Persian Medicine), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Mahmood Khodadoost mkhodadoost@lmo.ir 100319475328460039793 100319475328460039793 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Rasool Choopani rasoolchoopani@gmail.com 100319475328460039794 100319475328460039794 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Roshanak Mokaberinejad rmokaberi@gmail.com 100319475328460039795 100319475328460039795 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mojgan Tansaz tansaz_mojgan@yahoo.com 100319475328460039796 100319475328460039796 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mina Movahhed movahhedm54@gmail.com 100319475328460039797 100319475328460039797 No Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hasan Namdar Dr.h.namdar@gmail.com 100319475328460039798 100319475328460039798 No Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Elham Emaratkar E.emaratkar@gmail.com 100319475328460039799 100319475328460039799 No Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Alizadeh-Vaghasloo mhdalizadeh@gmail.com 100319475328460039800 100319475328460039800 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mamak Hashemi mamak.hashemi@yahoo.com 100319475328460039801 100319475328460039801 No Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Malihe Tabarrai Dr.mtabarrai@yahoo.com 100319475328460039802 100319475328460039802 No Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reihane Moeini Dr.moeini_90@yahoo.com 100319475328460039803 100319475328460039803 No Department of History of Medical Sciences, School of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Narjes Gorji n.gorji@mubabol.ac.iroo.com 100319475328460039804 100319475328460039804 No Department of History of Medical Sciences, School of Persian Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Abbas Alipour alipour.abbas59@gmail.com 100319475328460039805 100319475328460039805 No Community Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Parisa Jafari parisa.jafari.1349@gmail.com 100319475328460039806 100319475328460039806 No Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Fatemeh Hakimi dr_fhakimi1384@yahoo.com 100319475328460039807 100319475328460039807 No Clinical Research Development Unit, Moradi Hospital in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Farideh Yaghmaei farideh_y2002@yahoo.com 100319475328460039808 100319475328460039808 No Department of Nursing, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran Armin Zareiyan arminzj@yahoo.com 100319475328460039809 100319475328460039809 No Community Health Department, School of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Montazeri montazeri@acecr.ac.ir 100319475328460039810 100319475328460039810 No Institute for Health Sciences Research, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Morteza Mojahedi mortazamojahedy@gmail.com 100319475328460039811 100319475328460039811 Yes Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran