en pharmacology pharmacology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="color:#0000ff;"><em><strong>Background: </strong></em></span>Chemotherapy inducing nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the significant&nbsp; &nbsp;side &nbsp;effects of anti-cancer treatment, and its full prevention is a potential challenge. This study was done to specify the effect of olanzapine in this setting.<br> <span style="color:#0000ff;"><em><strong>Methods:</strong></em></span> In this randomized, double-blind, clinical trial study, olanzapine was compared with a placebo in combination with dexamethasone and granisetrone in patients with cancer. Patients in the intervention group received dexamethasone , granisetron and olanzapine. Patients in the control group received a placebo instead of olanzapine. Overall, acute nausea and vomiting prevention were the primary and secondary end points; complete response (no nausea,no vomiting) in the delayed period of chemotherapy was the third end point. Response to treatment was evaluated by the Functional Living Index Emesis (FLIE) questionnaire completion in the first, the third and the fifth of chemotherapy.<br> <em><span style="color:#0000ff;"><strong>Results:</strong></span></em>&nbsp; Percentage reduction in mean&plusmn;SD nausea and vomiting in the overall phase <s>(</s>0-120 hours) of intervention group compared to the control group respectively were 29.94&plusmn;2.06, 69.75&plusmn;2.32 [(57.93% reduction (p<0.001)]<span dir="RTL">.</span> For the acute phase (0-24 hours) were 26.08&plusmn;2.36, 51.85&plusmn;2.24 [(47.21% reduction &nbsp;(p<0.001)], for the delayed phase (24-120 hours), were 31.26&plusmn;2.57, 67.91&plusmn;2.12 ,[(55.11% reduction;(p<0.001)] respectively.<br> <span style="color:#0000ff;"><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong></span> Olanzapine, along with dexamethasone and granisetron, significantly reduced vomiting and nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy. No adverse event of olanzapine was observed in the patients.</span></span> Olanzapine, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), chemotherapy, cancer 356 362 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1380-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Atefe Khani akhani1993@gmail.com 100319475328460036511 100319475328460036511 No Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Ali Eishy Oskuyi eishi@umsu.ac.ir 100319475328460036512 100319475328460036512 No Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Rahim Asghari rahimasghari@gmail.com 100319475328460036513 100319475328460036513 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Hamid Reza Khalkhali khalkhali@umsu.ac.ir 100319475328460036514 100319475328460036514 No Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Hamdollah Sharifi sharifi.h@umsu.ac.ir 100319475328460036515 100319475328460036515 Yes Clinical Research Development Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran