en Gastroentrology Gastroentrology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Pancreatitis is one of the most crucial complications following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The purpose of the current study was to investigate patient-related post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) risk factors in two groups of patients: prophylactic pancreatic stent and rectal indomethacin.<span style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> Two different prophylactic modalities were planned and complications were assessed based on the defined inclusion criteria. In this study, the patients were evaluated for the procedure and patient-related risk factors in post-ERCP pancreatitis in the recipient groups of the prophylactic pancreatic stent and rectal indomethacin.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> Pancreatitis was confirmed in 27 of all 170 selected patients after ERCP. By univariate analysis, two variables were significant with the development of PEP. Regarding the patient-related risk factors, unique subjects with common bile duct (CBD) dilated 10mm were more exposed to an increased chance of PEP (P=0. 015); meanwhile, other factors did not correlate with the increased possibility of PEP in both groups. The only procedure-related risk factor for PEP was the deep cannulation of the pancreatic duct in both groups during the procedure with an incremental significant incidence of pancreatitis (P=0.005). Comparison of prophylactic pancreatic stent and rectal indomethacin showed no effects in term of post ERCP pancreatitis reduction. Additionally, there was no significant difference between these two strategies in the rate of PEP.<b><i><span style="color:blue"></span></i></b></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Prophylactic pancreatic duct stents and administration of rectal indomethacin cannot have particular approaches for reducing the possible occurrence of PEP. The increase in time of deep cannulation and the presence of CBD dilation <10mm could be considered as important risk factors.<b><i><span style="color:#0033cc"></span></i></b></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; ERCP, post ERCP pancreatitis, pancreatic duct stent, rectal indomethacin 728 734 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2414-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hossein Ghalehnoei h.ghalehnoei@mubabol.ac.ir 100319475328460039852 100319475328460039852 No Department of Medical Biotechnology, Molecular, and Cell Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Ahmad Hormati hormatia@yahoo.com 100319475328460039853 100319475328460039853 No Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh alizadeh.am@gmail.com 100319475328460039854 100319475328460039854 No Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sajjad Ahmadpour sajjadahmadpour@yahoo.com 100319475328460039855 100319475328460039855 No Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Seyed Hassan Abedi h.abedi@mubabol.ac.ir 100319475328460039856 100319475328460039856 Yes Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol Iran