en Cardiology Cardiology Original Article Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Frailty is a common problem in elderly individuals. However, this issue is not well investigated among heart failure (HF) patients with appropriate scales. We aimed to translate and evaluate Edmonton frailty scale (EFS) validity and reliability in Iranian HF adults.<span style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> We implemented this methodological study on stable HF patients referred to an outpatient heart clinic in Isfahan, Iran. The translation was done using the forward-backward method. Ten individuals were asked to comment about all items in terms of understandability and simplicity. Fifteen experts were invited, and their ratings on each item were collected to measure the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha was used for the assessment of internal consistency. After completing the scale for the second time with a two-week interval, test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) measurement was done.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> The translation process was performed uneventfully. All items were reported to be simple and meaningful. CVI of items ranged from the minimum of 0.80 to a maximum of 1.00 plus an acceptable CVR of at least 0.60. Fifty HF patients (age: 67.2&plusmn;14.1 years, males: 56%) completed the questionnaire twice without missing data. Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha was first to be 0.550. After omitting three items about social support, drug usage, and nutrition, the value was raised to 0.711. Test-retest reliability showed a good index of consistency (ICC: 0.693, 95% confidence interval: 0.527-0.810). </span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Modified Persian EFS is a simple and meaningful tool with high validity and acceptable reliability for assessing frailty in HF individuals irrespective of age.</span></span></span></div> Heart failure, Frailty, Validation study, Reproducibility of results, Iran 53 59 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2417-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hojatollah Alaei hojatollah.alaei@gmail.com 100319475328460040805 100319475328460040805 No Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mehrbod Vakhshoori mehrbod10@yahoo.com 100319475328460040806 100319475328460040806 No Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Maryam Heidarpour Heidarpourmaryam110@gmail.com 100319475328460040807 100319475328460040807 No Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Farbod Khanizadeh khanizadeh@irc.ac.ir 100319475328460040808 100319475328460040808 No Insurance Research Center, Tehran, Iran Niloofar Bondariyan niloofar.bondariyan@gmail.com 100319475328460040809 100319475328460040809 No Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Sayed Ali Emami ali.emami91@yahoo.com 100319475328460040810 100319475328460040810 No 1. Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Davood Shafie d.shafie87@gmail.com 100319475328460040811 100319475328460040811 Yes Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Awat Feizi awat_feiz@hlth.mui.ac.ir 100319475328460040812 100319475328460040812 No Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran