en Nephrology Nephrology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is one of the chronic diseases in children and it is important to identify its related factors. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and the incidence and recurrence of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> The total number of case participants was 40 and the total number of control participants was 41. Based on the number of cases of nephrotic syndrome (NS), the same number of healthy children of the same age and gender were selected as the control group. The information and data collected include demographic characteristics of patients, duration of disease, number of recurrences, blood pressure and blood excretion in urine, height, and weight, and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms on the checklist. The data were entered into SPSS and analyzed at a significance level of 05.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> From 81 participants in the study, 11 (13.75%) cases were <i>H. pylori</i> positive, of whom 7 (17.5%) cases were in the control group and 4 (10%) cases were in the patients&rsquo; group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of <i>H. pylori</i> infection rate (P = 0.863). Moreover, there were no significant differences between the patients suffering from the nephrotic syndrome in terms of height, weight, blood pressure, hematuria, duration and recurrence of the disease (p>0.05).<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> According to the evaluations performed in the present study, there was no relationship between low birth weight, blood pressure, disease duration, and disease recurrence with NS.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Infection, H. Pylori, Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, Children. 454 459 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2489-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Farrokh Farrokhnia fr.farokhnia@gmail.com 100319475328460042990 100319475328460042990 No Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ali Derakhshan derakhsh@sums.ac.ir 100319475328460042991 100319475328460042991 Yes Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammadhossein Fallahzade fallahzh@sums.ac.ir 100319475328460042992 100319475328460042992 No Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Mitra Basiratnia m_basiratnia@yahoo.com 100319475328460042993 100319475328460042993 No Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran