en Gastroentrology Gastroentrology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Various factors, most notably the stone&#39;s features, determine the selection of an appropriate method&nbsp;to extract common bile duct (CBD) stones during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In this study, the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sphincterotomy with balloon dilation (ESBD) versus endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for CBD stone extraction with a diameter of 10 to 15 millimeters were compared.<span style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> This retrospective cross-sectional study included 154 patients referred to the Rouhani Hospital in Babol, Iran, with CBD stones. Consensus sampling was used. Each individual&#39;s demographic information and findings from the procedure were entered into the SPSS software (v. 26). A level of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> A total of 154 patients were included in the study, of which 81 (52.6%) were in the EST, and 73 (47.4%) were in the ESBD group. Complete stones removal rate was higher in the ESBD versus the EST group (79.5% versus 46.9%, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed between the two methods&#39; overall side effects rate (P = 0.469).<b><i><span style="color:blue"></span></i></b></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> For the complete extraction of CBD stones larger than 10 millimeters, the ESBD method outperforms the EST method.<b><i><span style="color:#0033cc"></span></i></b></span></span></span> Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, common bile duct stone, efficacy, safety, Endoscopic Sphincterotomy, endoscopic sphincterotomy with balloon dilation 226 230 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2594-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mehdi Yalmeh yolmeh64@gmail.com 100319475328460042520 100319475328460042520 No Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Abdolreza Emami emami.abdoulreza@gmail.com 100319475328460042521 100319475328460042521 Yes Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Javad Shokri Shirvani javadshokry@gmail.com 100319475328460042522 100319475328460042522 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Hassan Abedi h.abedi@mubabol.ac.ir 100319475328460042523 100319475328460042523 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mohamad Taghi Hamidian meisamhamidian1982@gmail.com 100319475328460042524 100319475328460042524 No Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Hemmat Gholinia Ahangar h_gholinia@yahoo.com 100319475328460042525 100319475328460042525 No Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran