en Hematology Hematology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Hematologic malignancies in childhood and their treatments can cause dental anomalies and jaw bone abnormalities; therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of these disorders in children.<span style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> This cross-sectional study was conducted on all children diagnosed with hematologic malignancies that referred to in Amirkola Children&rsquo;s Hospital from 2011 to 2018. All of children underwent clinical evaluation in a Dental Radiology Clinic and panoramic imaging was performed. The radiographs were examined for dental anomalies and jaw bone abnormalities. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis using chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis with a 95% confidence interval.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> The study population consisted of 32 children and 9.46% of these patients showed intraoral signs in clinical evaluations. Panoramic radiographs indicated dental anomalies in 12 (63.9%) and jaw bone abnormalities in 17 (89.4%) patients. The most common dental anomaly and bone abnormality were taurodontism and changes in lamina dura, respectively. By measuring the mandibular cortical index (MCI), it was revealed that 13 had osteopenia, in which 4 of them had severe osteopenia (osteoporosis). The statistical analysis demonstrated that there was a significant difference between the incidence of osteoporosis and changes in lamina dura with the gender (p<0.05).<b><i><span style="color:blue"></span></i></b></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Due to early onset of osteopenia and osteoporosis and the presence of dental and bone abnormalities in half of study population, early assessment of their clinical and radiographic condition can be helpful in the prevention and the early treatment of their oral complications.<b><i><span style="color:#0033cc"></span></i></b></span></span></span> Child, Hematologic malignancies, Radiography, Prevalence, Diagnosis 10 15 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2530-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shadbahr Shayeghi suriv.trojan@gmail.com 100319475328460040774 100319475328460040774 No Private Practice, Babol, Iran mahtab Hamzeh mahtabhamzeh@yahoo.com 100319475328460040775 100319475328460040775 No Private Practice, Babol, Iran Ahmad Tamaddoni drtamaddoni@yahoo.com 100319475328460040776 100319475328460040776 No Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran sorayya Khafri khafri@yahoo.com 100319475328460040777 100319475328460040777 No Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran farida abesi faridaabesi@yahoo.fr 100319475328460040778 100319475328460040778 Yes Dental Materials Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran