en Nephrology Nephrology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a prevalent glomerular disease that often leads to nephrotic syndrome. It is characterized by consolidating a portion of the glomerular capillary tuft connected to Bowman&#39;s capsule. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the demographic characteristics, risk factors, and prognostic indicators associated with FSGS in Shiraz, Iran.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> The study included 53 primary FSGS patients aged over 18 years who were referred to clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through a comprehensive data-gathering sheet encompassing demographic information, medical history, laboratory test results, and histopathological findings. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18, considering a significance level of p<0.05.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> A five-year follow-up was conducted on the 53 patients, with the mean age of 41.0&plusmn;13.3 years. The most common FSGS variants observed were &quot;not otherwise specified&quot; (NOS, 13.2%) and tip variant (7.5%). Older patients exhibited higher disease activity, whereas remission rates were higher among younger individuals (P=0.012). Patients achieving remission had lower creatinine and Pro/Cr ratios and higher glomerular filtration rates (p<0.05). Treatment involving a combination of corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil showed a significant correlation with remission (P=0.036).</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Older patients with higher creatinine levels, higher Pro/Cr ratios, and lower glomerular filtration rates at disease onset may require more aggressive treatment. Combination therapy with mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids yields better outcomes, leading to increased remission rates. These findings provide valuable insights for managing FSGS patients.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Nephrotic syndrome, glomerular filtration rate, chronic kidney disease 519 526 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2959-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Maryam Pakfetrat pakfetratm@sums.ac.ir 100319475328460049049 100319475328460049049 No Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Leila Malekmakan malekmakan_l@yahoo.com 100319475328460049050 100319475328460049050 Yes Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Hosein Rezazadeh smhr1997@gmail.com 100319475328460049051 100319475328460049051 No Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Taraneh Tadayon ttadayon@ymail.com 100319475328460049052 100319475328460049052 No Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Maryam Bahmani hani.bahmanij@yahoo.com 100319475328460049053 100319475328460049053 No Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Amirali Nikoo a.a.nik0293@gmail.com 100319475328460049054 0009-0004-1496-1045 No Student at University of Toronto Scarborough, Ontario, Canada