en Pulmonology Pulmonology Review Article Review Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background:</span></i></b> <span lang="EN">It is believed that anthracosis is one of the most important occupational diseases, mainly seen in the residents of industrial areas and coal mine workers. This bronchial disease is more common in Asia&#39;s rural areas, particularly in the Middle East.</span> <span lang="EN">In this study, we examined the epidemiology and genetic factors affecting this disease and its relationship with different types of cancer.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> <span lang="EN">In this review article, we searched four databases (Pubmed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase and Scopus) up to June 3, 2022, for published articles on anthracosis, epidemiology, gene, and cancer. Non-published studies, studies not published in indexed journals or without peer review, and studies not available in English were all excluded.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> <span lang="EN">The relationship between this disease and tobacco, smoking, air pollution, mycobacterium tuberculosis, gender, and indoor smoke was researched, and its prevalence was cited.</span> Mutations in tumour suppressor genes such as P16 and P53 and expression levels of P16, CDH1, LUNX and RASSF1A genes were researched. Finally, this article discussed the relationship between anthracosis and cancers.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusions:</span></i></b> According to the studied literature, antracotic people are more susceptible to pulmonary adenocarcinoma, hepatic nodules, renal cell carcinoma, and esophageal cancer.</span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:red"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Anthracofibrosis, Anthracosis, Carcinoma, Environmental factors, Genetic 20 27 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3095-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sahar Defaee Sahardefaee137397@gmail.com 100319475328460050460 100319475328460050460 No Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Fatemeh Khajavi-Mayvan fatemehkhajavi18@gmail.com 100319475328460050461 100319475328460050461 No Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran MohammadHosein Sheybani-Arani Mohammadhoseinsheybani@gmail.com 100319475328460050462 100319475328460050462 No Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Minoo Montazeri minoomontazeri@gmail.com 100319475328460050463 0009-0003-6426-9578 No Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Elham Barahimi dr.e.barahimi@gmail.com 100319475328460050464 100319475328460050464 No Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Ali Salimi Asl shervin7717@gmail.com 100319475328460050465 100319475328460050465 Yes Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran