en Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Opportunistic infections such as mucormycosis, are spread in COVID-19 patients due to the use of corticosteroids therapy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mucormycosis in patients infected with the delta strain of the COVID-19 virus and evaluated some effective factors in the prevalence and patient prognosis.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> This study was performed on 44 COVID patients with co-infection to mucormycosis who were admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan in 2022. The COVID diagnosis was based on clinical signs and a positive PCR test, the diagnosis of mucormycosis was based on a positive laboratory report of fungi culture medium. The patient outcomes were recorded and CALL scoring system was used to determine the severity of the disease. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS 16 software.<span style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> <span lang="X-NONE">Of 44 COVID patients infected with mucormycosis, 26 (59.1%) had diabetes. All 44 patients had a history of taking steroids with an average daily dose of 48.77&plusmn;65.15 mg. Twenty-six (59.1%)</span> <span lang="X-NONE">patients were admitted to the ICU, 18 (40.9%) required intubation. Sixteen (36.4%) patients died. A significant decries observed in lymphopenia after treatment of patients (p<0.0001). CALL scores using showed that 33 (75%) patients had severe risk factors.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> <span lang="X-NONE">Uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension are the two most common risk factors of mucormycosis in COVID patients. High use of glucocorticoid drugs and immune suppression are predisposing causes for opportunistic organisms. </span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt">Accurate laboratory diagnosis of mucormycosis plays an important role in treatment of patients and in controlling the disease.</span></span></span><br> &nbsp; COVID-19, Mucormycosis, Immunosuppression, Delta strain, Corticosteroid therapy 239 245 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3236-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Zahra Soleimani soleimani.zahra@yahoo.com 100319475328460052197 100319475328460052197 No Department of Infectious Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Kamal Esalatmanesh esalat.kamal@yahoo.com 100319475328460052198 100319475328460052198 No Department of Internal Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Hossein Hooshyar hooshyar4@yahoo.com 100319475328460052199 100319475328460052199 No Department of Medical Parasitology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Habibollah Rahimi rahimi_136@yahoo.com 100319475328460052200 100319475328460052200 No Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mojtaba Reisee hoshyar_h@kaums.ac.ir 100319475328460052201 100319475328460052201 No Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Roozbeh Esalatmanesh esalatr@gmail.com 100319475328460052202 100319475328460052202 Yes Department of Radiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran