en Biochimestry Biochimestry Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> <span lang="EN-IN">Varicose veins are a chronic vascular disorder influenced by factors such as inflammation, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular cell activation. This study evaluates the association between ten molecular biomarkers and these risk factors in patients with lower extremity varicosity to enhance understanding of the condition&#39;s pathophysiology and highlight potential diagnostic biomarkers</span>.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> <span lang="EN-IN">A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 126 patients diagnosed with lower extremity varicosity, confirmed by duplex ultrasound, and 108 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Serum levels of ten biomarkers C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, transforming growth factor-beta 1, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, vascular endothelial growth factor, malondialdehyde, endothelin-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were quantified using ELISA. ROC curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these biomarkers.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> <span lang="EN-IN">Patients with varicosity displayed significantly elevated levels of all biomarkers compared to controls, with strong associations to varicosity risk (p < 0.0001). ROC curve analysis revealed high predictive values, with AUCs ranging from 0.858 to 0.939.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> <span lang="EN-IN">The elevated biomarker levels suggest mechanisms including inflammation, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, and venous pressure in varicosity. Biomarker monitoring may support early diagnosis and management of varicose veins, enhancing patient outcomes. Future longitudinal studies are advised to further validate these associations.</span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; varicose veins, molecular biomarkers, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, fibrosis, vascular cell activation, elevated venous pressure 700 711 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1136-7&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Apurba Ganguly apurbaganguly15@gmail.com 100319475328460054633 100319475328460054633 Yes Department of Biochemistry, Techno India University, Kolkata, India Sudip Kumar Banerjee sudip.banerjee1447@gmail.com 100319475328460054634 100319475328460054634 No Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India Vidyasagar Gubby Venkatesh drvidyasagargv@gmail.com 100319475328460054635 100319475328460054635 No Department of Biochemistry, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, RGUHS, Bangalore, India Dinesh kumar Singal singal@cminj.com 100319475328460054636 100319475328460054636 No Department of Cardiac Surgery, Somerset, New Jersey, USA Anondeep Ganguly ceo@varcolegcare.com 100319475328460054637 100319475328460054637 No CEO Nano Phyto Care Pvt Ltd, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA