en Oncology Oncology Original Article Original Article <p><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> Breast cancer is a major global health concern, with the highest incidence in women and the main cause of cancer-related deaths in them worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors related to breast cancer in women.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods:</span></i></b> This is a case-control study on breast cancer patients referred to the Surgery Clinic during the years 2011 to 2021. There were 131 participants in the case group and 131 in the control group. Patient information was collected through medical records, face-to-face or telephone interviews. This study has the ethics code IR.MUBABOL.HRI.REC.1401.226 from the National Organization for Ethics in Biomedical Research of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results:</span></i></b> 262 participants were included in the study, 50% were in the case group (breast cancer) and 131 (50%) were in the control group. Between the case and control group in terms of demographic variables, age (P=0.289), height (P=0.254), education level (P=0.785), marital status (P=0.421), place of birth (P=0.668) and place of residence (P=0.454) have been no statistically significant difference. Presence of underlying disease (P=0.005), less physical activity (p<0.001), older age at first delivery (P=0.003), lower menstrual age (P=0.001), history of breastfeeding for at least one year (P=0.002) and use of oral contraceptives (P=0.015) can significantly predict the incidence of breast cancer. </span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> OCP use, underlying disease, less physical activity, older age at first delivery, younger age at menstruation, and history of breastfeeding for at least one year are associated with the incidence of breast cancer.</span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</p> Breast cancer, risk factors, oral contraceptives 128 135 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3638-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Melika Hendukolaei dr.mel.h2980@gmail.com 100319475328460055812 0009-0003-5129-2015 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Khadijeh Ezoji dr.kh.ezoji@gmail.com 100319475328460055813 100319475328460055813 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center MD; Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Yasser Asghari yasser_asghari@yahoo.com 100319475328460055814 100319475328460055814 No Department of Surgery, School of Medicine Cancer Research Center Health Research Institute Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Majid Nabipour Majidnabipour@yahoo.com 100319475328460055815 100319475328460055815 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Sana Keshtegar sn.kshtgr@gmail.com 100319475328460055816 0009-0002-5542-9798 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Aref Gholami Languri arfghlamylngwry@gmail.com 100319475328460055817 0009-0001-4741-2745 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mohammad Amin Afshar mohamadamin.afshar1380@gmail.com 100319475328460055818 0009-0001-6604-3666 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Abolhasan Alijanpour abolhasanalijani@gmail.com 100319475328460055819 0009-0002-5008-6036 Yes Clinical Research Development Unit of Rouhani Hospital, Department of Surgery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran