fa Health Health Review Article Review Article <p><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman">Cadmium poisoning has been reported from many parts of the world. It is one of the global health problems that affect many organs and in some cases it can cause deaths annually. Long-term exposure to cadmium through air, water, soil, and food leads to cancer and organ system toxicity such as skeletal, urinary, reproductive, cardiovascular, central and peripheral nervous, and respiratory systems. Cadmium levels can be measured in the blood, urine, hair, nail and saliva samples. Patients with cadmium toxicity need gastrointestinal tract irrigation, supportive care, and chemical decontamination traditional-based chelation therapy with appropriate new chelating agents and nanoparticle-based antidotes. Furthermore it has been likewise recommended to determine the level of food contamination and suspicious areas, consider public education and awareness programs for the exposed people to prevent cadmium poisoning.</font></span></span></p> Cadmium, Poisoning, decontamination, nanoparticles, chelating agents 135 145 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-108-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mehrdad Rafati-Rahimzadeh m.rafrahim@yahoo.com 10031947532846009090 10031947532846009090 No Department of Nursing, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mehravar Rafati-Rahimzadeh Afshin.rafrahim@yahoo.com 10031947532846009091 10031947532846009091 No Department of Medical Physics, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Sohrab Kazemi kazemi.msm@gmail.com 10031947532846009092 10031947532846009092 No Department of Pharmacology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Aliakbar Moghadamnia moghadamnia@gmail.com 10031947532846009093 10031947532846009093 Yes Celullar and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran