Showing 6 results for Gestational Diabetes
Saeide-Sadat Shobeiri, Saeid Abediankenari, Bahareh Lashtoo Aghaee, Zahra Rahmani, Bahareh Esmaeili-Gorji,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background: Research says that diabetes may develop in over 10% of non-diabetic pregnant women. Diabetes which generally occurs late in second trimester and third trimester of pregnancy, it is called gestational diabetes. Overweight or suffering from obesity before pregnancy is type 2 diabetes risk factor. In most cases, diabetic symptoms disappear after delivery. HLA-G has an important role both in mother and fetus tolerance during pregnancy, it may also be effective in the protection of pancreatic islet cells. In this study, concentration of these molecules in pregnant women with gestational diabetes in comparison with normal pregnant women was investigated.
Methods: In this case-control study, we measured serum HLA-G levels in 24 pregnant women with gestational diabetes compared with 30 normal pregnant women using sandwich ELISA.
Results: HLA-G levels were significantly low in pregnant women with gestational diabetes in contrast to normal pregnant women (P=0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, we found that HLA-G levels were reduced in women with gestational diabetes compared with control group. Therefore, it is suggested that measurement of HLA-G in pregnant women can be considered as an indicator in prognosis of gestational diabetes.
Ali Khosrowbeygi, Mohammad Reza Rezvanfar, Hassan Ahmadvand,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (1-2018)
Abstract
Background: It has been suggested that inflammation might be implicated in the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complications, including insulin resistance. The aims of the current study were to explore maternal circulating values of TNF-α, adiponectin and the adiponectin/TNF-α ratio in women with GDM compared with normal pregnancy and their relationships with metabolic syndrome biomarkers.
Methods: Forty women with GDM and 40 normal pregnant women were included in the study. Commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods were used to measure serum levels of TNF-α and total adiponectin.
Results: Women with GDM had higher values of TNF-α (225.08±27.35 vs 115.68±12.64 pg/ml, p<0.001) and lower values of adiponectin (4.50±0.38 vs 6.37±0.59 µg/ml, P=0.003) and the adiponectin/TNF-α ratio (4.31±0.05 vs 4.80±0.07, P<0.001) than normal pregnant women. The adiponectin/TNF-α ratio showed negative correlations with insulin resistance (r=-0.68, p<0.001) and triglyceride (r=-0.39, P=0.014) and a positive correlation with insulin sensitivity (r=0.69, p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that values of the adiponectin /TNF-α ratio were independently associated with insulin resistance. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that GDM was negatively associated with adiponectin /TNF-α ratio.
Conclusions: In summary, the adiponectin/TNF-α ratio decreased significantly in GDM compared with normal pregnancy. The ratio might be an informative biomarker for assessment of pregnant women at high risk of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia and for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring aims in GDM
Shahnaz Barat, Zohreh Batebi, Zinatossadat Bouzari, Azita Ghanbarpour,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background: Using oral glucose for glucose challenge test (GCT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) is problematic, especially in early pregnancy when the pregnant woman is experiencing gastrointestinal complications. This research seeks to investigate the relationship between the ratio of Triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the risk of gestational diabetes and large for gestational age (LGA) fetus for suggesting a more appropriate index for diagnosis of gestational diabetes.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study investigated pregnant women visiting the Perinatal Clinic of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol for prenatal care from September 2015-2016. The GCT was performed on these pregnant women at 24-28 weeks as a screening test and their lipid profile, including HDL-C and TG, was simultaneously assessed after eight to 14 hours of fasting.
Results: Significant differences were observed between women with and without gestational diabetes in terms of mean triglyceride, HDL, LDL/HDL ratio, triglyceride/LDL ratio and triglyceride/HDL ratio. The cut-off point of TG/HDL in the GTT was 4.254 with a sensitivity of 79.07% and specificity of 78%.
Conclusions: According to the results obtained, lipid profile can help predict the risk of gestational diabetes, especially TG/HDL ratio that has a high sensitivity to diagnose gestational diabetes, while, lipid indices could not predict birth of a LGA neonate.
Keywords: Gestational Diabetes, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Triglyceride/HDL Ratio, Risk
Seideh-Hanieh Alamolhoda, Masoumeh Simbar, Parvin Mirmiran, Parvaneh Mirabi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common disorder in pregnancy. The association of trans fatty acids (TFA) intake and risk of GDM have been reported; It remains unclear whether dietary TFA can influence GDM risk. We examined the effect of low TFA dietary intakes during pregnancy on risk of GDM.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 800 pregnant women who were randomly divided into 393 intervention and 407 comparison groups with gestational age ≥7 weeks. In the intervention group, the diet of pregnant women was designed in such a way that their daily intake of TFA content was less than1% but in control group, the daily intake of TFA content was not changed. The dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire for three non-consecutive days at the beginning of the pregnancy before week 7, and at 13, 25 and 35 weeks. Diagnosis of GDM was performed using a 3-hour glucose tolerance test with 100 g glucose at 24-28 weeks of gestation.
Results: 14 women in the intervention group (5%) and 31 women in the control group (8%) were diagnosed with GDM. Chi-square test did not show any significant difference between two groups (P=0.08). Cox model was used and the variables were examined in four multivariate models that none of the modals showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of GDM.
Conclusion: It seems that the diet with low trans-fatty acid content has no effect on the incidence of GDM.
Gauri Raghunath Shinde, Nitin Kshirsagar, Manish Laddad, Vaishnavi Shivade,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background: Variations in placental thickness are associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, only very few studies have been established on the correlation between placental thickness with birth outcomes. This study correlated placental thickness in 2nd and 3rd trimesters with neonatal outcome, maternal weight gain, and body mass index (BMI).
Methods: A total of 116 patients aged between 20 to 50 years with singleton pregnancy and regular menstrual history (and sure about their last menstrual period) were included. Placental thickness was measured at 24 and 36 weeks by ultrasound and was divided into three groups: Group A (normal placenta), Group B (thin placenta), and Group C (thick placenta); and correlated with neonatal outcome, maternal weight gain, and BMI.
Results: Out of the 116 pregnant women, 55 (47.4%) were primigravida and 61 (52.6%) were multigravida. Six patients (3.6%) delivered pre-term before 36 weeks. In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, most cases had normal placental thickness (Group A; 93.1% and 92.7%), followed by thin placenta (Group B; 5.2% and 7.3%) and thick placenta (Group C; 1.7% and 0), respectively. Two patients with thin placenta had neonatal death. A significant positive correlation was found between birth weight and placental thickness (at 24 weeks; 0.516r, P<0.00001 and at 36 weeks; 0.669r, P<0.00001) and maternal weight gain and birth weight (0.563r, P<0.00001).
Conclusion: Placental thickness on ultrasonography demonstrated well the correlation between birth weight in 2nd and 3rd trimesters and increased incidence of antenatal and postpartum complications resulting from thin placenta.
Amjad Ahmadi, Noushin Abdolmaleki, Daem Roshani, Fariba Farhadifar, Rashid Ramazanzadeh, Sholeh Shahgheibi, Mozhdeh Zarei, Nadia Shakiba, Bahram Nikkhoo,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (3-2025)
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes is defined as glucose intolerance with variable severity which starts or is first diagnosed during pregnancy. Globally on the rise, this health condition is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Pregnant women with diabetes are at high risk of infection because high blood sugar levels provide food for many infections, including yeast, making it easier for the yeast to grow. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vaginal infections and gestational diabetes.
Methods: This study enrolled 300 pregnant women with gestational diabetes as the patient group and 300 pregnant women without gestational diabetes as the control group. The research tool in this study was a questionnaire and performing a warm and wet slide staining test on the vaginal swab sample.
Results: The mean age was 31.97±6.02 in the women with gestational diabetes and 30.98± 6.80 in the women without gestational diabetes. Smoking was zero in both groups. The frequency of vaginal infection was 34 (11.3%) in the patient group and 26(8.7%) in the control group. vaginal infections showed no significant association with gestational diabetes.
Conclusion: Despite its high prevalence, vaginal infections showed no significant association with gestational diabetes. Still, the high prevalence of infection in the two groups demands more attention from the healthcare system and obstetrician-gynecologists to check the infection before and after pregnancy.
