Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine
Babol University of Medical Sciences
Fri, Jun 27, 2025
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Volume 16, Issue 3 (Summer 2025)
Caspian J Intern Med 2025, 16(3): 562-569 |
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Arefi Sigaroudi N, Vakili Sadeghi M, Ghorbani H, Jahansouz D, Shirafkan H, Ranaee M. Prognosis of multiple myeloma patients based on histopathological evaluation of bone marrow. Caspian J Intern Med 2025; 16 (3) :562-569
URL: http://caspjim.com/article-1-4452-en.html
URL: http://caspjim.com/article-1-4452-en.html
Niloofar Arefi Sigaroudi 
, Mohsen Vakili Sadeghi , Housein Ghorbani , Davood Jahansouz , Hoda Shirafkan , Mohammad Ranaee *
, Mohsen Vakili Sadeghi , Housein Ghorbani , Davood Jahansouz , Hoda Shirafkan , Mohammad Ranaee *
3. Department of Pathology, Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital Research Development Unit, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran , drm.ranaee@yahoo.com
Abstract: (90 Views)
Background: Multiple myeloma is still one of deadliest malignancies known. Although many attempts to prognosticate the disease have been done like the International Staging System (ISS), most of the proposed prognostic tools are based merely on laboratory tests and hence prone to analytical errors in large and high-volume centers. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic effectiveness of histopathologic components of bone marrow and compare it to the results of laboratory-based prognostic tools.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, bone marrow specimens of 93 multiple myeloma patients underwent aspiration and biopsy evaluated. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) based on plasma cell percentage. The secondary outcomes were also OS based on angiogenesis using IHC marker CD34, nuclear atypia level, BM involvement pattern and the presence of fibrosis in bone marrow specimens. All biopsy specimens assessed using light microscopy on Hematoxylin and Eosin and IHC staining. Giemsa staining assessed for aspirate specimens.
Results: Of 93 patients, 63.4% were dead. Median survival was 34.0 months (95% CI [24.6; 43.3]) and the average age at diagnosis was 65 years (highest 84 and lowest 40). Patients with bone marrow plasma cell count of over 70%, had a hazard ratio (HR) of death of 4.7 times more than those with plasma cell count between 10-25%. Similarly, diffuse infiltration pattern (HR 4.67) and blastic morphology (HR 4.17) associated with a significant worse prognosis (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Comparing to laboratory-based ISS, wider HR of death spectrum in this study proposes a potential more precise, robust and easy-to-use prognostication tool.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, bone marrow specimens of 93 multiple myeloma patients underwent aspiration and biopsy evaluated. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) based on plasma cell percentage. The secondary outcomes were also OS based on angiogenesis using IHC marker CD34, nuclear atypia level, BM involvement pattern and the presence of fibrosis in bone marrow specimens. All biopsy specimens assessed using light microscopy on Hematoxylin and Eosin and IHC staining. Giemsa staining assessed for aspirate specimens.
Results: Of 93 patients, 63.4% were dead. Median survival was 34.0 months (95% CI [24.6; 43.3]) and the average age at diagnosis was 65 years (highest 84 and lowest 40). Patients with bone marrow plasma cell count of over 70%, had a hazard ratio (HR) of death of 4.7 times more than those with plasma cell count between 10-25%. Similarly, diffuse infiltration pattern (HR 4.67) and blastic morphology (HR 4.17) associated with a significant worse prognosis (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Comparing to laboratory-based ISS, wider HR of death spectrum in this study proposes a potential more precise, robust and easy-to-use prognostication tool.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Pathology
Received: 2024/07/21 | Accepted: 2024/11/3 | Published: 2025/06/20
Received: 2024/07/21 | Accepted: 2024/11/3 | Published: 2025/06/20
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