Background: The decisive etiology of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)  is still ambiguous, but we recognize the contribution of genetic aberration and environmental agent due to OSCC initiation. In the current study, we elucidate the potential impact of EGFR gene polymorphisms in the risk of OSCC in the southeast of Iran.
Methods: Forty-eight OSCC patients along with 100 normal volunteers were included. Three polymorphisms of EGFR gene (rs2227983, rs2293347 and rs2227984) were genotype by Tetra-ARMS PCR. Data analyzed with chi-square test and P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In rs2227983, the frequency of AG and GG genotypes were 62.5%, 37.5% in cases and 42%, 57% in the control group (P = 0.02, OR = 2.3) and also A allele frequency was 31.3% in case and 22% in the control (P= 0.08, OR= 0.62). AG + AA genotype frequency was 62.5% and 43% in case and control, respectively (P = 0.03, OR = 2.2). In rs2227984 and rs2293347 no statistical differences showed in the distribution of genotypes between the case and control group, also the majority of the OSCC has belonged to the grade I (43.8%).
Conclusions: The present investigation indicated that rs2227983 polymorphism may contribute to OSCC susceptibility in the southeast population of Iran. Although with the inconsistent interpretation mentioned due to the various geographical residency and different populations, more study of major population suggested being performed our finding validation.